l
Article
1 of the Constitution says, “India, that is Bharat, shall be a Union of
States”. the word ‘Union’ was preferred rather than ‘Federation’ because
of certain advantages. Union of States means that the Union of India is not a
result of an agreement by the States to join in a federation and the Federation
not being the result of an agreement, no state has the right to get separated
from it.
l
The
territory of India comprises the entire geographical territory over which the
sovereignty of India, for the time being, prevails. On the other hand, the
Union of India includes only those component units, i.e., the states, which
share power with the Centre. The UTs are centrally administered areas governed
by the President acting through an Administrator appointed by him. As on date,
the territory of India consists of 29 states, 6 UTs and 1 National Capital
Territory of Delhi (NCT- Delhi is neither a full state nor a UT).
l
The
State of Jammu and Kashmir has been given special status under article 370.
which became operative on Nov.17, 1952. the separate Constitution of the State
was drafted by the Constituent Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir and became
effective on Jan. 26, 1957.
l
The
States Reorganization Act, 1956 reorganized the boundaries of different Indian
States in order to meet local and linguistic demands. Interestingly, the Union
Parliament can by passing a resolution in both Houses of Parliament. 1. form a
new state 2. increase the area of any state 3. diminish the area of any state
4. alter the boundaries of any state 5. or alter the name of any state (Art. 4)
NEW
STATES IN INDIA CREATED AFTER 1950
Andhra
Pradesh
|
Created
by the State of Andhra Pradesh Act 1953 by carving our some areas from the
State of Chennai
|
Gujarat
and Maharashtra
|
The
State of Mumbai was divided into two States i.e. Maharashtra and Gujarat by
the Mumbai (Reorganisation) Act 1960
|
Kerala
|
Created
by the State Reorganisation Act, 1956. It comprised Travancor and Cochin
areas
|
Karnataka
|
Created
from the Princely State of Mysuru by the State Reorganisation Act, 1956. It
was renamed Karnataka in 1973
|
Nagaland
|
It
was carved out from the State of Asom by the State of Nagaland Act, 1952
|
Haryana
|
It
was carved out from the State of Punjab by the Punjab (Reorganisation) Act,
1966
|
Himachal
Pradesh
|
The
Union Territory of Himachal Pradesh was elevated to the status of State by
the State of Himachal Pradesh Act, 1970
|
Meghalaya
|
First
carved out as a sub-State within the State of Asom by 23 Constitutional
Amendment Act, 1969. Later in 1971, it received the status of a full-fledged
State by the North-Eastern Areas (Reorganisation) Act 1971
|
Manipura
and Tripura
|
Both
these States were elevated from the status of Union-Territories by the
North-Eastern Areas (Reorganisation) Act 1971
|
Sikkim
|
Sikkim
was first given the Status of Associate State by the 35th Constitutional
Amendment Act 1974. It got the status of a full State in 1975 by the 36th
Amendment Act, 1975
|
Mizoram
|
It
was elevated to the status of a full State by the State of Mizoram Act, 1986
|
Arunachal
Pradesh
|
It
received the status of a full state by the State of Arunachal Pradesh Act,
1896
|
Goa
|
Goa
was separated from the Union-Territory of Goa, Daman and Diu and was made a
full-fledged State of Goa, Daman and Diu Reorganisation Act 1987. But Daman
and Diu remained as Union Territory
|
Chhattisgarh
|
Formed
by the Constitutional Amendment Act, 2000 by dividing Madhya Pradesh on
November 1, 2000
|
Uttarakhand
|
Formed
by the Constitutional Amendment Act, 2000 by dividing Uttar Pradesh on November
9, 2000
|
Jharkhand
|
Formed
by the Constitutional Amendment Act, 2000 by dividing Bihar on November 15,
2000
|
Telangana
|
Created
by Andhra Pradesh Re-organisation Act, 2014
|
