· A supercomputer is a computer with a high-level computational
capacity compared to a general-purpose computer.
· Performance of a supercomputer is measured in floating-point operations
per second (FLOPS) instead of million instructions per second (MIPS).
· As of 2015, there are supercomputers which can perform up to
quadrillions of FLOPS.
· Supercomputers were introduced in the 1960s, made initially, and for
decades primarily, by Seymour
Cray at Control
Data Corporation(CDC)
· China's Tianhe-2 supercomputer
which was introduced in June 2013 is currently the fastest in
the world at 33.86 petaFLOPS (PFLOPS), or 33.86
quadrillions of FLOPS.
List of
Latest/Recently Developed Supercomputers by Countries-
Year
|
Supercomputer
|
Peak speed
(Rmax) |
Location
|
2013
|
NUDT Tianhe-2
|
33.86 PFLOPS
|
Guangzhou, China
|
2012
|
Cray Titan
|
17.59 PFLOPS
|
Oak Ridge, U.S.
|
2012
|
IBM Sequoia
|
17.17 PFLOPS
|
Livermore, U.S.
|
2011
|
Fujitsu K computer
|
10.51 PFLOPS
|
Kobe, Japan
|
2010
|
Tianhe-IA
|
2.566 PFLOPS
|
Tianjin, China
|
2009
|
Cray Jaguar
|
1.759 PFLOPS
|
Oak Ridge, U.S.
|
2008
|
IBM Roadrunner
|
1.026 PFLOPS
|
Los Alamos, U.S.
|
1.105 PFLOPS
|
Uses of different
Stages Supercomputers -
Decade
|
Uses and computer involved
|
1970s
|
Weather
forecasting, aerodynamic research (Cray-1)
|
1980s
|
Probabilistic
analysis,radiation shielding modeling(CDC Cyber).
|
1990s
|
Brute force
code breaking (EFF DES cracker).
|
2000s
|
3D nuclear
test simulations as a substitute for legal conduct Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (ASCI Q).
|
2010s
|
Molecular
Dynamics Simulation (Tianhe-1A)
|
· Aditya, Anupam, PARAM Yuva-2, SAGA-220, EKA, Vikram-100, PARAM Yuva,
Cray XC40, Bhaskara are the Supercomputer of India.
· PARAM 8000 is considered India's first supercomputer. It was indigenously built in 1990 by Centre for
Development of Advanced Computing.
