· The basic concept of
Panchayati Raj is the villagers should think, decide and act in their own socio
economic interest. Thus the Panchayati raj Act is related to village self
governance.
· In 1956, the National
Development Council appointed a committee under Balwant Rai Mehta, which
submitted its report in 1957.
· On the
recommendations of Balwant Rai Mehta committee Panchayati Raj was introduced in
1959 as a three tier structure of self government.
· Panchayati Raj
consists of:
1.
Village-level Panchayats
2.
Block-level Panchayats
3.
District-level Panchayats.
►Village Panchayat:
·In the structure of
the Panchayati Raj, the Village Panchayat is the lowest unit. There is a
Panchayat for each village or a group of villages in case the population of
these villages happens to be too small.
·Gram Sabha, a general
body of villagers, consists of all the adults residing within the jurisdiction
of the Panchayat.
·The Panchayat is
accountable for all its actions to the Gram Sabha,
·The Panchayat chiefly
consists of representatives elected by the people of the village.
·Chairman is elected
from among its members, known as ‘Sarpanch’.
·Sarpanch is an
ex-officio member of the Panchayat Samiti and participates in its
decision-making as well as in the election of the Pradhan and of the members of
various Standing Committees.
►Block & Panchayat Samiti:
·Panchayat Samiti is a
local government body at the tahsil (taluka) level.
·It works for the
villages of the tahsil that together are called a Development Block.
·The Panchayat Samiti
is the link between the Gram Panchayat (village council) and the zila parishad
(district board).
·There are a number of
variations in the name of this institution in the various states. For example,
it is known as Mandal Praja Parishad in Andhra Pradesh, Taluka Panchayat in
Gujarat, and Mandal Panchayat in Karnataka.
·The block, consisting
of 20-60 villages, administered through a Panchayat Samiti, consisting of
indirectly elected members of village panchayat.
·The chairman of
Panchayat Samiti is called ‘Pradhan’.
►Zila Parishad:
·Panchayat is the
third and top of 3 tier of the Panchayati Raj system.
·Zila Parishad is an
elected body.
·Chairpersons or Block
Pramukh of Block Samitis are also represented in Zila Parishad.
·The members of the
State Legislature and the members of the Parliament of India are members of the
Zila Parishad.
The
panchayats receive funds from three sources:
1.
Local body grants, as recommended by the Central Finance
Commission.
2.
Funds for implementation of centrally-sponsored schemes.
3.
Funds released by the state governments on the
recommendations of the State Finance Commissions.
→The 3 – tier system of Panchayat Raj
was 1st adopted by Rajasthan ( Nagaur District) on Oct 2, 1959, followed by Andhra Pradesh, Bihar Gujarat,
Himachal Pradesh, Maharashtra, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, UP & West Bengal.
→Term of Panchayat is 5 Years
|
Helpful in my history exam����
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