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Saturday, 30 July 2016

Facts About Kerala

  By GK Planet Team       Saturday, 30 July 2016

Introduction of Kerala
» Kerala with 1.18% of total area of the country has 3.34% of the country’s population is at the south west corner of Indian peninsula
» It was formed on 1 November 1956 following the States Reorganisation Act by combining Malayalam-speaking regions.
» Malayalam is Kerala's official language and is spoken by at least 96% of the people of Kerala; the next most common language is Tamil, spoken mainly by Tamil workers from Tamil Nadu and the local Kerala Iyers.
» Kerala occupies a long 550km narrow strip of land with Arabian Sea coastline in the west, Tamilnadu in the south and east and Karnataka in the north.
» It is Spreaded over 38,863 km2(15,005 sq mi) and shares border with Karnataka to the north and northeast, Tamil Nadu to the east and south, and the Lakshadweep Sea to the west.
» Kerala is famous for its lush greenery, hills, waterfalls, sun kissed beaches and serene backwaters.
Kerala
à´•േà´°à´³ം
State
State of Kerala

houseboat in the Kerala backwaters
Coat of arms
Nickname(s): God's Own Country, Spice Garden of India, Land of Coconut Trees

Location of Kerala
Coordinates (Thiruvananthapuram): https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/WMA_button2b.png/17px-WMA_button2b.png8.5°N 77°ECoordinateshttps://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/WMA_button2b.png/17px-WMA_button2b.png8.5°N 77°E
Country
India
Region
South India
Formation
1 July 1949
Renamed
1 November 1956
Capital
Thiruvananthapuram
Districts
14
Area
• Total
38,863 km2(15,005 sq mi)
Area rank
22nd
Highest elevation
2,695 m (8,842 ft)
Lowest elevation
-2.2 m (−7.2 ft)
Population (2011)
• Total
33,387,677
• Rank
13th
• Density
986/km2(2,550/sq mi)
Demonym(s)
Keralite, Malayali
Time zone
IST (UTC+05:30)
ISO 3166 code
IN-KL
HDI
Increase0.790 (high)
HDI rank
1st (2011)
Literacy
93.9% (1st) (2011)
Official language
Malayalam
Website
Kerala.gov.in
» The history of Keralam, India, dates back many millennia.. Stone age carvings in the Edakkal Caves feature pictorial writings believed to date to at least the Neolithic era around 5,000 BC, indicating the presence of a prehistoric civilisation or settlement in this region
» According to Hindu mythology, the lands of Kerala were recovered from the sea by the axe-wielding warrior sage Parasurama, the sixthavatar of Vishnu, hence Kerala is also called Parasurama Kshetram ("The Land of Parasurama").
» Kerala has been a major spice exporter since 3000 BCE, according to Sumerian records and it is still referred to as the "Garden of Spices" or as the "Spice Garden of India"
» Kerala's spices attracted ancient BabyloniansAssyrians and Egyptians to the Malabar Coast in the 3rd and 2nd millennia BCE. Arabs and Phoenicians established trade with Kerala during this period
» The word Keralam is first recorded (as Keralaputra) in a 3rd-century BC rock inscription (Rock Edict 2) left by the Maurya emperor Ashoka (274–237 BC)
» The Land of Keralaputra was one of the four independent kingdoms in southern India during Ashoka's time, the others being CholaPandya, and Satiyaputra.
» Kerala was the home to Mysore dynasty ruled by Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan who fought four decisive battles (Anglo – British Wars) with British.
» After British India was partitioned in 1947 into India and Pakistan, Travancore and Kochi, part of the Union of India were merged on 1 July 1949 to form Travancore-Cochin. However, Malabar remained under the Madras province. Under the State's Re-organisation Act 1956, Travancore-Cochin state and Malabar were united to form Kerala state on 1 November 1956.

» Wedged between the Lakshadweep Sea on the west and the Western Ghats on the east, the width of the state varies from 35 km to 120 km.
» Kerala bordered with only 2 states – Karnataka in north and Tamil Nadu in east.
» According to the geographical features, the state can be divided into hills, valleys, midland plains and costal belt.
» Kerala's western coastal belt is relatively flat compared to the eastern region, and is criss-crossed by a network of interconnected brackish canals, lakes, estuaries, and rivers known as the Kerala Backwaters.
» There are 44 rivers in Kerala out of which 41 (Periyar, Pamba, Pamba, Chaliyar, Kalada, Muvatupuzha etc) flows westwards while remaining 3 (Pambar, Bhawani and Kabani) flows to east.
»  Kerala’s climate is mainly wet and maritime tropical, heavily influenced by the seasonal heavy rains brought by the monsoon.
» The Kerala coast was significantly affected by the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. The coast located in the shadow zone with respect to the direction of propagation of the tsunami encountered unexpected devastation.

Flora and Fauna : Wildlife
» As of 2004, over 25% of India's 15,000 plant species are in Kerala. Out of the 4,000 flowering plant species; 1,272 of which are endemic to Kerala, 900 are medicinal, and 159 are threatened.
» Its 9,400 km2 of forests include tropical wet evergreen and semi-evergreen forests (lower and middle elevations—3,470 km2), tropical moist and dry deciduous forests (mid-elevations—4,100 km2 and 100 km2, respectively), and montane subtropical and temperate (shola) forests (highest elevations—100 km2).
» Altogether, 24% of Kerala is forested.
» Three of the world's Ramsar Convention listed wetlandsLake SasthamkottaAshtamudi Lake and the Vembanad-Kol wetlands—are in Kerala, as well as 1455.4 km2 of the vast Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve.
» Kerala's fauna are notable for their diversity and high rates of endemism: it includes 102 species of mammals (56 of which are endemic), 476 species of birds, 202 species of freshwater fish, 169 species of reptiles (139 of them endemic), and 89 species of amphibians (86 endemic).
» Nestled in the hills of the Western Ghats, the Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary or the Thekkady Wildlife Sanctuary is one of the most popular tourism hot spots in Kerala. Spread over an area of 675 sq km, this wildlife sanctuary is a reservoir of several endemic, rare and endangered species of animals.
» Followings are the 6 National Parks in Kerala:
1.  Anamudi Shola National Park
2. Eravikulam National Park
3. Karimpuzha National Park
4. Mathikettan Shola National Park
5. Pampadum Shola National Park
6. Silent Valley National Park

» Kerala is a land of colourful festivals. Kerala is a land of diverse cultures, religions and communities with a rich miscellany of social habits, festivals, and customs.
» Over 10,000 festivals are celebrated in the Kerala every year.
» Onam, Vishu, Christmas and Aluva Shivratri are the main festivals of Kerala.
» Kerala is home to a number of performance arts. These include five classical dance forms: KathakaliMohiniyattamKoodiyattomThullaland Krishnanattam, which originated and developed in the temple theatres during the classical period under the patronage of royal houses.
» Elephants have been an integral part of the culture of the state. Kerala is home to the largest domesticated population of elephants in India—about 700 Indian elephants, owned by temples as well as individuals.
» Kerala is also famous for its secular character, where Hindus, Christians and Muslims live with complete harmony.
» The major tribes who inhabit the mountains of Kerala are Kanis, Uralis, Kadar, Kanikkar, Paniyar etc. 


Demographics Facts About Kerala
» Kerala is home to 2.76% of India's people with a population of 3.34 Crores, and — at 859 persons per km².
» As of 2011, Thiruvananthapuram is the most populous city in Kerala.
» In the state, the rate of population growth is India's lowest, and the decadal growth of 4.9% in 2011 is less than one third of the all-India average of 17.64%.
» According to the 2011 census, Kerala has the highest literacy rate (93.91) among Indian states.
» The life expectancy in Kerala is 74 years, among the highest in India as of 2011.
» Kerala has the highest sex ratio (1084) in India .
» Religions in Kerala are a mixture of different faiths, most significantly Hinduism, Islam and Christianity. Kerala has a reputation of being, communally one of the most tolerant states in India.
» Kerala has the lowest proportion of homeless people in rural India - 0.04%, and the state is attempting to reach the goal of becoming the first "Zero Homeless State", in addition to its acclaimed "Zero landless project", with private organisations and the expatriate Malayali community funding projects for building homes for the homeless.

» Kerala's culture and traditions, coupled with its varied demographics, have made the state one of the most popular tourist destinations in India.
» Backwater, Beaches, Fort & Palaces, Hills, Monuments, Museum, Picnic Spots, Pilgrim Centers, Waterfalls and Wildlife are the main tourist places in Kerala
» Kerala is the most attracted tourist destination with its beaches, hill stations, backwaters, bird and wild life sanctuaries etc. Kerala is blessed with its variety of flora and fauna.

» First literate state of India
» First state to implement land reform bills and education reform bills
» Lower birth rate
» Least infant mortality
» State with maximum life expectancy
» The only state with the facilities of hospitals in every village
» Excellent communication infrastructure.
» One among the states where Air, Water and Road are used as the media for transportation.
» Kerala is the least corrupt Indian state as per Transparency International survey.
» In 2015, Kerala had the highest conviction rate of any state, over 77%.
» In 2015 Kerala became the first "complete digital state" by implementing e-governance initiatives.
» The state was also among the lowest in the India State Hunger Index next only to Punjab.
» In 2012, National Geographic's Traveller magazine named Kerala as one of the "ten paradises of the world and "50 must see destinations of a lifetime".
» Kerala is full of coconut trees. Kerala is the state of India or probably the only state of the world which has the highest number of coconut trees.
» As Kerala consists of long beaches and coastlines, it offers vast fishing opportunities for the sea food and fishing lovers.
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Thanks for reading Facts About Kerala

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